The influx of people moving from rural to urban areas keeps on
increasing to this day. This form of displacement is also known as
internal migration. Rural land is often viewed as more fertile and a
waste while land in the city is limited. Yet people travel to settle in
cities in the belief that they will be richer. Because of rising demand
for land in cities and its scarcity, the price of land is more expensive
then in rural regions.
As more and more people move to cities in
search of work and better standards of living, land becomes scarcer.
Thus this accounts for the high price of land. In fact in many urban
regions, land is practically non-existent. People live in skyscrapers or
apartments. Ownership of land is limited in some States; for example
wealthy businessmen have easier access to land in the following areas
while normal people do not: New York, Paris, London, Shanghai and
Johannesburg. Due to overpopulation in crowded cities, more buildings,
and housing facilities have to be enacted. This decreases the
availability of land. The price of land in the city is also due to its
value being enhanced by being in the heart of business. The proximity to
banks, hospitals, businesses and offices expand the price of land but
paradoxically, this land seems to be perpetually limited despite its
enormous financial value.
There is an attempt at resistance
against loss of land entailed by development of cities; more land is
being covered by buildings; annihilating the old and ancient ones. Side
by side part of the historical aspect of this land in cities is also
being forgotten. For example, in Shanghai, some people are still trying
to prevent destruction of their land. Yet, these groups of people are
simply stalling the inevitable, as they know that in the near future,
all people in shanghai will live in apartments. This is why it is called
a cityscape and not landscape, as land does not really exist anymore.
Living in such an environment with only concrete, steel and buildings,
man consequently becomes more mechanical, stressed and partially
dehumanized. The absence of vast land in cities deprives the harmony
that a huge area of empty land provides. Cities with restricted space
for land and cultivation can become very oppressive. Cities need extreme
planning and control. It is rigid and from an aerial view, a city is
made up of geometric shapes. Picasso through cubism and angular shapes
of human beings demonstrates the psychological harm inflicted upon
people by living in an overly controlled space. This absence of land in
cities is also severely criticized by Margaret Atwood in her poem
entitled "the city Planners" where "the houses in pedantic rows" shows
lack of warmth.
To counteract the disturbing effect upon the human
mind, land must be used in an effective manner. Land is essential to
instill serenity in people's lives. To sustain the availability of land
in cities, housing must be carefully planned so as to minimize use of
land. Architects like Le Corbusier are required to maintain this balance
between building and nature. In fact in many places, architects
methodically plan the green space available in cities to create
equilibrium between land and buildings. This is also called as
landscaping which can be in forms of gardens or parks. In these places,
people can relax by sitting and walking. This is land with its grass,
flowers and plants help to alleviate the pollution prevalent in cities
by sustain a cleaner atmosphere. Without these parks in cities the
atmosphere would be highly polluted, even dangerous to health. These
designed plots of land also enhance the aesthetic beauty of cities which
is soothing to the mind.
Unlike cities, more vast land is
available in rural regions. Hence land is extensively used in primary
industry agriculture and farming. As rural areas are less densely
populated the fertile land is appropriate to rear animals, grow
vegetables and other crops. Thus, large scale agriculture helps in the
economy of the country as the food can be exported. Agriculture is also
diversified to obtain a variety of crops to meet people's demands. The
Green Revolution; that is bio-products are also possible today. Crops
are grown without chemicals to ascertain safety to health and to
preserve land. Yet, more essentially, rural land provides food which is a
vital need for people. However, many people no longer prefer manual
work and avoid employment in this industry. Following the land, through a
sacred activity, is now avoided by people individual as well can and
have already started growing their own crops such as potatoes, tomatoes,
carrots, lettuce and herbs. This helps in self-sufficiency and
alleviating food crises
Forests and vast expanse of wild land are
found in rural environment. As these spaces include wild life in terms
of plants and animals, they are protected from destruction. This is to
ensure survival of species and maintain balance in the eco-system. Land
In forests is a ride source of wild life much required by human beings.
Plants are used for herbal medicine having therapeutic use. The food
chain is also possible through land. Animals depend on plants which in
turn depend on soil and land. Although land is more fertile in luxuriant
rural areas, human pollution and disturbance is gradually decreasing
the productive aspect of land. Burning of forest for instance can have
dramatic results damaging wild life and atmosphere.
The land in
the city is contrasting to rural land. The uses and geometrical
evolution in the urban areas are highly different from those in
villages. Land is incomparable across distance and regions. Land is
either exploited, depleted or cultivated depending upon its surrounding.
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